5. Особняк надворного советника К.Федорова

Против здания почтового ведомства – располагается особняк, принадлежавший знаменитому богачу Кириллу Федорову. Он происходил «из пономарских детей», знал грамоту, был принят на службу в астраханское казенное соляное правление. За кражу казенных документов, которую совершил за взятку, он был бит плетьми, но, тем не менее, продолжил службу в правлении и впоследствии получил офицерский чин. Фёдоров взял на откуп астраханские рыболовные угодья, принадлежавшие князю Куракину.
Памятник является комплексом, состоящим из двухэтажных и одноэтажных усадебных строений и представляет значительный интерес, как тип богатой усадебной застройки южного города кон. XVIII – нач. XIX вв. Усадьба сохраняет также градостроительное значение, закрепляя один из старейших кварталов Белого города. Главный дом усадьбы – двухэтажное с подвалом здание, включающее западный служебный флигель с дворовой пристройкой. В средней части северного фасада, расположен двухъярусный портик из парных полуколонн, завершающийся треугольным фронтоном. Здание является наиболее важным элементом усадебного комплекса, представляет собой интересный и ценный образец усадебной застройки эпохи зрелого классицизма – стиля ампир. Флигель усадьбы и главный дом соединены промежуточной пристройкой к дому с западной стороны и поэтому имеют единый сплошной северный фасад по ул. Чернышевского.
Пилоны ворот оформлены крупными парными колоннами со схематично профилированными ионическими капителями, поддерживающими антаблемент, раскрепованный по парным колонам. Пилоны увенчаны скульптурными фигурами львов.
После смерти Федорова дом сменил много хозяев. Одно время он принадлежал Карлу Ивановичу Оссе (1804 – 1874), разместившему там свою частную аптеку. Оссе жертвовал средства в помощь нуждавшимся. По инициативе депутата бундестага Вольфа Бауэра, оказывающего благотворительную медицинскую помощь астраханцам, в Германии создано общество имени К.И. Оссе.


The mansion of Court Councellor K.Fedorov. The end of the 18th century- the beginning of the 19th century. Residential building with administative premises. 22 Kirov Street/ 8 Chernyshevsky Street/ 7 Krasnoye Znamya Street

Across the Post Office Department one can see a mansion which used to belong to a famous wealthy man Kirill Fedorov. He descended from “sacristan’s children” and was literate. He worked at Astrakhan State Salt Resources Administration. He stole public documents venally and was flogged as a punishment. However, he continued to work at the Administration and later got a commission. Fedorov farmed Astrakhan fishing areas which belonged to Knyaz Kurakin.
The monument consists of two-storeyed and one-storeyed mansion buildings and it is of great interest as a type of rich mansion development of the Southern city of the late 18th century- the early 19th century. The mansion keeps its town-planning value as it consolidates one of the oldest blocks of the White City. The main house of the mansion is a two-storeyed building with a basement, including the west service wing and an additional courtyard building. A two-storied porch made of doubled semicolumns and capped by a triangle fronton is found in the middle section of the northern facade. Being one of the most important elements of the mansion complex, the building is an interesting and a valuable sample of mansion development in the late classicism epoch- the Empire style. The main house and its wing are connected by an intermediate additional building on the west side and thus they have a joint solid facade facing Chernyshevsky Street. Gate piers are decorated by large paired columns with schematically profiled ionic capitals which support the entablature pilaster sided on the paired columns. Gate piers are crowned with the sculptures of lions.
A lot of other people owned this house after Fedorov’s death. At one time it belonged to Karl Ivanovich Osse (1804-1874) who used it as a private chemist’s shop building. Karl Osse donated money to the needy. At the initiative of Bundestag deputy Wolf Bauer, who provides medical charity support to Astrakhan dwellers, a K.I. Osse Society was established in Germany.
Then Politseiskaya (Police) Street was considered the best street of the town regardless of abundant ruins and muddy roads. Building a pavement here was a hard work. It took a lot of chat wood and gravel to raise the street level and increase sub-soil consolidation.
After a heavy autumn rain one had to hire a horse-cab to cross the street but even they wouldn’t agree. People crossed the street riding people’s backs for a five- or ten- kopeck coin. Old-timers tell a lot of stories about the impassable mud on the Politseiskaya Street. For example, on the day of the New Year a noble general dressed in white hose, trousers with braids and a tricorne is paying calls. He has to make a visit going down Politseiskaya Street. He is riding a fashionable back in those days guitar tarantas, where you sit on the top of the carriage. The General alerts the driver to go slow and not to get stuck. The coacher promises to be careful. Suddenly, they get stuck in a hole, the horse is writhing in terror but cannot pull the tarantas out, the tugs strand and the tarantas cracks. Somethins is broken and the guitar is absolutely stuck. The General is sitting on the top feeling helpless. The coacher suggests carrying the General on his back. The angry General refuses and sends the coacher to bring another cab to eventually pay a call. The coacher tucks his pants up, shuts out the horse and sets off. The fully dressed General is in his uniform and a tricorne, in white trousers with braids that fit tight like body stockings, is sitting on the top of the guitar-tarantas patiently waiting for another cab.